What is XRP?

XRP is the native cryptocurrency of the XRP Ledger (XRPL), an open-source, decentralized blockchain created by Ripple Labs in 2012. It was designed to enable fast, low-cost, cross-border payments. Unlike Bitcoin (which focuses on decentralization and digital gold), XRP primarily aims to improve the global payments system.

Key Features of XRP

1. Speed—Transactions settle in about 3–5 seconds.

2. Low Cost—Transaction fees are typically fractions of a cent.

3. Scalability—The network can handle ~1,500 transactions per second (TPS).

4. Energy Efficiency—Unlike Bitcoin mining, XRPL uses a consensus protocol, making it more eco-friendly.

How XRP is Used

• Cross-border Payments: Banks and financial institutions use it to move money globally.

• Liquidity Tool: Acts as a bridge currency between different fiat pairs.

• Retail Use: Individuals trade and hold it as an investment asset.

Ripple vs XRP

• Ripple Labs is the company that develops payment solutions.

• XRP is the token that runs on the XRP Ledger.

• They are related but not the same thing.

Pros & Cons

Pros:
✔ Faster and cheaper than traditional systems (like SWIFT).
✔ Backed by institutional partnerships.
✔ Environmentally friendly compared to proof-of-work cryptos.

Cons:
✘ Centralization concerns (large XRP supply held by Ripple).
✘ Ongoing regulatory battles (notably with the U.S. SEC).
✘ Competing blockchains also target cross-border payments.

Current Status

Despite legal scrutiny, XRP remains one of the top cryptocurrencies by market cap. It has a strong global community and institutional interest and continues to play a role in discussions about the future of digital payments.